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高效过滤器(HEPA)多久更换一次?高效检漏方法是什么?北京中邦兴业
2023-04

In the pharmaceutical industry, HEPA filters are used as terminal filters for the processing or filtration of air in production spaces. They are mandatory in sterile production, although they are sometimes also used in the manufacture of solid or semisolid dosage forms. Amongst the HEPA or high-efficiency particulate air filters are Filter Classes H13 to H14 (DIN 1822), the latter with a retention rate of 99.995%. But how often do they need to be changed?

在制药行业,高效过滤器(HEPA)用于生产空间空气的处理和过滤的终端过滤器。无菌生产要求强制使用高效过滤器,而固体和半固体剂型的生产有时也会使用。H13至H14(DIN1822)是高效过滤器的两种,后者截留率为99.995%。但多久必须更换一次呢?

One can frequently find internal company guidelines according to which the filters should be changed annually, regardless of monitoring results. Is that sensible? An exact number, meaning the maximum duration of use for HEPA filters in months, cannot be found in the relevant GMP guidelines. According to GMP, the filter has to be free of leaks. This is verified by qualification and regularly performed leak tests as per ISO 14644-3, which are mandatory for sterile facilities. According to the technical interpretation of the Annex 1 (PIC/S PI 032-2), leak tests are to be performed every six months in A/B zones and every twelve months in C/D zones. The FDA Aseptic Guide demands a regular inspection. The requirements of Annex 1 can be applied here as well. Leaks may be repaired; those repaired areas may only take up 0.5% of the filter surface per filter.

我们经常看到在公司内部文件中,要求每年更换过滤器,而不管检测结果如何。这是否合理?在相关的GMP指南中并没有高效过滤器可以使用期限的具体数值。根据GMP的要求,过滤器不得有泄漏,这需要通过确认和定期执行ISO14644-3中的泄漏测试,无菌车间来说这是必须的。根据GMP 附录1的技术诠释,A/B级每6个月进行泄漏测试,C/D级则为12个月。FDA无菌指南要求进行定期检查。附录1的要求在这里也适用。泄漏是可以修补的,但修补的面积不能超过单个过滤器面积的0.5%。

However, not only the integrity of the HEPA filter is relevant. The load of the filter (layer) and thus the pressure drop at the filter is also important. If the pressure drop at the filter rises, the energy demand of the ventilation system increases to maintain the necessary air change rates. This pressure drop at the filter can increase to the performance limits of the ventilation system. To protect the HEPA filters, preliminary filters are used – usually fine particulate air filters like F7 und F9 filters (EN779). Those have to be replaced regularly and protect the HEPA filters from clogging.

当然,高效过滤器并不只有完整性一件事情。过滤器(层)的负载以及上下游压差也很重要。如果过滤器上下游压差升高,则送排风系统的能量需求会增加,这样才能维持必须的换气次数。这样的过滤器上下游压差可能会增加通风系统的性能限制。为了保护高效过滤器,就要使用前端过滤器—通常是像F7和F9过滤器(EN779)这样的精细过滤器。这些过滤器必须定期更换以保护高效过滤器避免堵塞。

From a practical viewpoint, one could say that the maximum duration of use depends directly on the pressure drop. Changing the filters only makes sense if the pressure drop gets too high for the performance of the ventilation system or if the cost of energy demand lies above the cost of a filter change. The filters do have to pass the leak tests (see above), of course. In practice, several companies do not use a filter for more than eight years. As mentioned before, though, this is not a legally binding value, but merely based on experience.

从实践角度来看,我们可以说最长使用期限直接取决于上下游压差。只有在上下游压差达到一定数值影响到通风系统的性能,或者是能量需求超过过滤器更换成本时,过滤器更换才有意义。但是,过滤器必须能通过泄漏测试(如上所述)。事实上,很多公司并不会使用一个过滤器超过8年。正如前述,并没有法规规定这样的值,这都只是根据经验得来的。

高效过滤器更换问题

咨询内容:老师您好,小容量注射剂车间空调系统的高效过滤器必须定期更换吗?如不定期更换,只在空调验证时更换风量不合格房间高效和捡漏不合格高效可以吗?

CFDA审核查验中心回复:你好,更换高效过滤器根据空调验证时风量和捡漏是必须的,但同时也应制定出具体高效过滤器最长使用周期,故还是应该有定期的概念。同时必须定期进行过滤器完整性测试。

洁净区A级高效过滤器检漏

咨询内容:洁净区A级高效过滤器检漏是否可以使用 尘埃粒子计数器 扫描检漏,如果可以,那么判断无泄漏的标准是多少。

CFDA审核查验中心回复:高效过滤器检漏一般在非关键区域可以使用尘埃粒子计数器,但A级洁净区高效过滤器不推荐使用尘埃粒子计数器扫描检漏。推荐使用气溶胶光度计进行扫描检漏。

DOP检漏常用仪器及解决方案

高效过滤器检漏中常用的检测仪器是气溶胶光度计(以下简称光度计),是一种前散射线性光度计,它由真空泵、光散射室、光电倍增管、信号处理转换器和微处理器等组成。其工作原理是:当气流被真空泵抽至光散射室时,其中的颗粒物质散射光线至光电倍增管。在光电倍增管中,光被转换成电信号,此信号经放大和数字化后由微处理器分析,从而测定散射光的强度。通过与参比物质产生的信号的对比,可以直接测量气体中颗粒物质的质量浓度,因此其用途十分广泛。

【高效检漏仪-气溶胶光度计3990】

这是一款技术先进、设计科学的光散乱式线性数字气溶胶光度计,是检测高效过滤器完整性或泄漏试验必须采用的最佳测试仪器。结构紧凑、携带方便、操作设置均可在5.6inch的真彩色触摸显示屏各友好界面完成,因具有气溶胶噪声抑制功能,测试数据更加稳定。产品内置热敏打印机并配有长效热敏打印纸,测试现场即可完成测试数据的实时打印。

北京中邦兴业一站式高效过滤器检漏系统行业解决方案:

总之,PAO/DOP测试是一种有效的高效过滤器泄漏测试方法,确保过滤器的有效性和性能,从而提高室内空气质量和保障人员健康。高效过滤器检漏系统,是北京中邦兴业的一项专业服务项目,我们拥有专业的技术团队,可以提供技术工程师上门仪器演示交流、仪器验证培训及检测验证服务。



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